Sespel Mikhail. Mikhail Sespel: biography

16.11.1899–15.06.1922.

Classic of Chuvash literature, reformer of versification, artist, poet, playwright, prose writer, translator.

Born in the village of Shugurovo (now the village of Sespel), Kanashsky district of the Chuvash Republic.

M. Sespel is one of the public and government figures of Chuvashia in the first years of the formation of its autonomy, the founder of syllabic-tonic versification in Chuvash poetry. He expanded the lyrical possibilities of the verse, based on the experience of Russian classical poetry, the best examples of pre-revolutionary Chuvash literature, and folklore. “He can rightfully be called a master who closed the gates behind Chuvash poetry of the 19th century and opened them in the 20th century.” (“Million verses...” – P. 146).

The first collection of poems was published in 1928. Since then, his works have been published in different languages of the world. Novels, poems and poems have been written about him. In 1970 at the film studio named after. A. Dovzhenko released the feature film “Sespel” (directed by V. Savelyev). Since 1967, it has become a tradition to award the prize to them. M. Sespel in the field of literature and art.

In our republic, the village where the poet was born, a collective farm and a school in the Kanashsky district, a library and a street in Cheboksary, and the Chuvash State Youth Theater are named after M. Sespel. There is a museum complex in the poet’s homeland.

Main publications: “Kyrnisen pukhhi = Collected works”, “Kӗnӗ kun aki” (Arable land of a new day), “Hurҫӑ shanchӑk” (Steel faith), “Chӑn chӗrӗlsen” (Renaissance), “Chunӑmҫӑm, ҫunatӑmҫӑm” (My dear, radiant) , “Payantan” (From now on), “Poezi chechekӗ” (Snowdrop of poetry), “Steel Faith”, “Hungry Psalm”, “My verse is repeated a million times”, etc.

Bibliography (works):
1. Sespel, Mikhail. Payantan: [sӑvӑsem] / Mikhail Sespel. - Shupashkar, 2006. - 143 p.
See region
2. Ҫҫпӗл Mishshi. Sӑvӑsem / Ҫеҫпӗл Mishshi. - Shupashkar: Chӑvashgosizdat, 1940. - 72 p.
See region
3. Ҫҫпӗл, Mishshi. Ҫӗнӗ kun aki / M. Ҫеҫпӗл. - Shupashkar, 1969. - 72 p.
See region
4. Seҫpӗl, M. Ҫyrnisen pukhi = Collected works: poetry, prose, playwrights, ҫyrusem. Kunseren ҫyrnisem, asӑrhattarusem: ikkӗmӗsh, khushsa torletnӗ kӑlarӑm / Mishshi Seҫpӗl. - Shupashkar, 1989. - 525 p.
See region
5. Ҫҫпӗл, Mishshi. Chăn chӗrӗlsen: sӑvӑsem, asailӳsem / Ҫеҫпӗл Mishshi. - Shupashkar, 1994. - 111 p.
See region
6. Ҫҫпӗл, Mishshi. Chunӑmҫӑm, ҫunatӑmҫӑm: (A.P. Chervyakova patne yanӑ ҫyrusem) / Ҫеҫпӗл Mishshi. - Shupashkar, 1989. - 112 p.
See text
7. Sespel, Mikhail. Hungry Psalm: Poems, excerpts from diaries and letters / M. Sespel. - Cheboksary: Russika - Face of Chuvashia, 1999. - 38 p.
See text
8. Sespel, Mikhail Kuzmich. Arable land of the new day = Ҫӗнӗ kun aki [Text]: Poem [in Russian translations. and zarub. poets] / M.K. Sespel. - Cheboksary, 1999. - 60 p.
See region
9. Sespel, M. K. Collected works / Mikhail Sespel. - 3rd ed., add. - Cheboksary, 1999. - 384 p.
See region
10. Sespel, Mikhail Kuzmich. Steel faith: poems / M. K. Sespel. - Cheboksary: Chuvash Book Publishing House, 1979. - 56 p.
See text
11. Sespel, M. K. Or! Or! Lima Samahvani; Only evening comes and sleep is shrouded; Chuvash! Chuvash! ; The arable land of a new day; In the distance, in the fields, it’s like burning; To the sea: [poems] // Sespel, M. Milyon my verse repeated = Ep pin chӑvash: poems, fragments of diary and letters / M. Sespel. - Cheboksary: Chuvash Book Publishing House, 2012. - P. 101, 102, 106, 107, 108, 109-110.
See text

Bibliography:
1. Ivanov, N. Poet havalĕ / N. Ivanov. – Shupashkar: Chăvash kĕneke publishing house, 1984. – 60 p.
2. Kăvar chĕre: poet çinchen asa ilnisem / V. A. Dolgov pukhsa khatĕrlenĕ. – Shupashkar: Chăvash kĕneke publishing house, 1979. – 180 p.
3. Ermakova, G. A. The sacred in the lyrics of M. Sespel and G. Aiga: educational method. allowance / G. A. Ermakova. – Cheboksary: ChSU Publishing House, 2007. – 59 p.
4. Mikhail Sespel and Chuvash literature: traditions and innovation: materials from Interregion. scientific-practical Conf., 17-18 Nov. 2009, Cheboksary = Ҫеҫпӗл Mishshi tata chӑvash literature: etkerlӗkhpe ҫӗnetӳlӗkh: regionsem hushshinchi Aslӑlӑkhpa practice of conferences materialӗsen pukhi (Shupashkar, chӳk, 17-18, 2009) / Chuvash . state Institute humanizes. sciences; [scient. ed. V.V. Nikiforova]. – Cheboksary: ChGIGN, 2011. – 213 p. : ill.
5. Our Sespel: poems, prose, articles and letters by M.K. Sespel. Memories of the poet. Dedications: collection – Cheboksary: ChGIGN, 1999. – 260 p.
6. Rodionov, V. G. Sespel - the flower of earth and sky: about the life and work of the great Chuvash poet Mikhail Sespel / V. G. Rodionov. – Cheboksary: New Time, 2009. – 383 p. - See region.
7. Sirotkin, M. Ya. M. K. Sespel: an essay on life and creativity / M. Ya. Sirotkin. – Cheboksary: Chuvashgosizdat, 1969. – 43 p.
8. Smirnov, Yu. A. Intertextual field of M. Sespel’s poetry / Yu. A. Smirnov. – Cheboksary: ChSU Publishing House, 2010. – 52 p.
9. Founder of Chuvash Soviet poetry: scientist. zap. / Research Institute of Languages, Literature, History and Economics under the Council of Ministers of the Chuvash Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. – Cheboksary, 1971. – Issue. 51. – 264 p. - See text
10. Sespel's poetics: materials from the region. conf., dedicated 90th anniversary of the birth of M. Sespel (November 22-23, 1989) / Research Institute of Language, Literature, History and Economics under the Council of Ministers of Chuvash. ASSR. – Cheboksary, 1991. – 168 p.
11. Revolution in the artistic consciousness of the early 20th century and the poetry of Mikhail Sespel: Materials of the international. conf., dedicated To the 100th anniversary of the poet’s birth (October 18, 1999, Cheboksary): in 2 books. - Cheboksary: ChGIGN, 2001. - Book. 2. - 186 p. - See text
12. Agiver, Kh. – Shupashkar, 1991. – P.31-33.
13. Artemyev, Yu. Chun-chӗre sӑlpӑranӗ / Yu. Artemyev // Tӑvan Atӑl. – 2010. – No. 11. – Appendix: p. 57-65. - (Suntal).
14. Davydov-Anatri, V. Vut chĕrellĕ poet / V. Davydov-Anatri // Khypar. – 2000. – 4 narăs.
15. Efimov, G. Unra – pĕtĕm halăkh chunĕ / G. Efimov // Yalav. – 1999. – No. 11-12. – pp. 77-78.
16. Ishutov, R. Kăvar sirpĕtet chĕlhipe / R. Ishutov // Khypar. – 2003. – 27 March.
17. Krolkova, P. Çeçpĕl Mishshi çyrăvĕsem / P. Krolkova // Çamrăksen khaçachĕ. – 2002. – June 26 – July 4 (No. 26). – P. 4.
18. Petrov, K. Çulămlă publicist / K. Petrov // Yalav. – 1994. – No. 11. – P. 28-29.
19. Petrova, A. “Hĕrtnĕ khurçă evĕr chĕlhe” / A. Petrova // Khypar. – 2009. – 30 August. – P. 30.
20. Petrova, T. Çĕrshyvăn chăn-chăn patriotĕ / T. Petrova // Çamrăksen khaçachĕ. – 2009. – 20 hours (No. 46). – P. 6.
21. Prokopyev, V. Vilĕmsĕr yat-sum // Prokopyev, V. Kanash tărăkhĕn yatlă–sumlă çynnisem / V. Prokopyev. – Shupashkar, 2005. – P. 304-309.
22. Prokopyeva, R. Çeçpĕl çulămne nikam ta sontereymĕ / R. Prokopyeva // Tantăsh. – 2009. – 19 hours (No. 46). – P. 6.
23. Smirnova, N. Çeçpĕlpe Pushkin çulĕ / N. Smirnova // Khypar. – 2009. – 6 years. – P. 6 – (Culture: khushma kălarăm / kălarăma N. Smirnova hatĕrlenĕ; No. 5).
24. Turkay, V. Văkhăt çitĕ... : chӳk uyăkhĕn 16-mĕshĕ – Çeçpĕl Mishshi çuralnă kun / V. Turkay; G. Maksimov kalaçnă // Tӑvan Atӑl. – 2012. – No. 11. – P. 74-81.
25. Yumart, G. Çeçpĕl Mishin pultarulăkhĕn çĕnĕ enĕ / G. Yumart // Çamrăksen khaçachĕ. – 2005. – 18 hours (No. 46). – P. 11.
26. Artemyev, Yu. M. “We are sailing, we are sailing to the land of communes” // Artemyev, Yu. M. Passion for polemics / Yu. M. Artemyev. – Cheboksary, 2003. – P. 99-102.
27. Afanasyev, P. Sespel (Kuzmin) Mikhail Kuzmich // Afanasyev, P. Writers of Chuvashia / P. Afanasyev. – Cheboksary, 2006. – P. 365-368.
28. Vasiliev, V. This is our history line / V. Vasiliev // MK in Cheboksary. – 2006. – February 14-21. (No. 7). – P. 28.
29. Vorobyov, M. N. Color and sound in the figurative system of M. K. Sespel // Vorobyov, M. N. About Chuvash...: research. Oh Chuvash. art and literature / M. N. Vorobyov. – Cheboksary, 2007. – P. 72-90.
30. Ermakova, G. A. The origins of the motifs of light and fire in the artistic world of M. Sespel and G. Aiga / G. A. Ermakova // Vestn. Chuvash. un-ta. Humanitarian. Sciences. – 2010. – No. 4. – P. 238-241. – Bibliography: p. 241 (12 titles).
31. Metin, P. Satirical stream in the work of Sespel / P. Metin // Halăkh school = Nar. school – 2000. – No. 1. – P. 18-19.
32. Mikhail Kuzmich Sespel: (1899-1922). “My verse was repeated a million times” // Outstanding people of Chuvashia. – Cheboksary, 2002. – pp. 146-154. – (Book of the President of the Chuvash Republic; vol. 1).
33. Rodionov, V. G. Sespel, Çeçpĕl Misha (Kuzmin Mikhail Kuzmich) / V. G. Rodionov // Brief Chuvash Encyclopedia. – Cheboksary, 2001. – P. 369.
34. Rodionov, V. G. Sespel (Kuzmin) Mikhail Kuzmich / V. G. Rodionov // Chuvash Encyclopedia. – Cheboksary, 2009. – T. 3: M-Se. – pp. 667-668.
35. Rodionov, V. The phenomenon of Mikhail Sespel / V. Rodionov // Lik. – 2012. – No. 2. – P. 136-145.
36. Sadyukov, N. I. “Blown by the wind of revolution”: (the image of Mikhail Sespel in fine art) / N. I. Sadyukov // Haloh school = Nar. school – 2009. – No. 4. – P. 47-50.
37. Fedorov, N.V. Feat and tragedy of the poet and citizen / N.V. Fedorov // Halăkh school = Nar. school – 2000. – No. 1. – P. 1-8.
38. Shushpanova, L. Yu. Unknown pages from the life of Mikhail Sespel / L. Yu. Shushpanova // Bulletin. Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation. – 2004. – No. 12. – P. 107-109.
39. Yukhma, M. A million Chuvash singer // Yukhma, M. Song of Chuvashia / M. Yukhma. – Cheboksary, 1995. – P. 130-134.
40. Metric record of the birth of Mikhail Kuzmich Kuzmin (Sespel) // GIA CR. F.557. Op.7. D.315. L.498. - Cm.

MIKHAIL SESPEL

(Kuzmin Mikhail Kuzmich)

Born on November 16, 1899 in the village of Kazakkasy (now Sespel), Kanashsky district of the Czech Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, into a poor peasant family. He was a member of the CPSU since 1918. Died on June 15, 1922 in the village. Starogorodok near the town of Oster, Chernigov region, Ukrainian S C SR.

In 1914, he entered the Shikhazan second-grade school, which then trained teachers for parochial schools. Here he organized the student literary and artistic magazine “Zvezdochka”, where he published his youthful works.

In the fall of 1917, M. Sespel completed his course of study at the Shikhazan second-grade school and entered the newly opened teachers' seminary in Tetyushi. In January 1918, M. Sespel, together with his seminary comrades V. Plaksin and P. Bekshansky, organized the union of working youth of the city, which later joined the city organization of the RKSM. Soon after joining the party (December 1918), he was sent to Moscow for courses for propagandists and agitators, where he listened to V.I. Lenin more than once.

After completing the courses, M. Sespel works at the Tetyush district judicial investigation commission of the RKSM. In the fall of 1920 he moved to Cheboksary. Here he works as chairman of the Revolutionary Tribunal, head of the justice department of the Chuvash regional executive committee.

All creative and socio-political activities of M. Sespel were put at the service of the revolution. This struggle brought him a lot of hardship and suffering. He was repeatedly persecuted by slanderers and careerists. But nothing could force the poet to abandon revolutionary ideas or stifle his fiery voice.

In the spring of 1921, M. Sespel’s health deteriorated sharply. To improve his health, he went to the Crimea, and after completing the course of treatment, he served in units of the Kyiv Military District. After demobilization, he worked in the Oster district land department of the former Kyiv province. Forced separation from his native land, a severe and increasingly progressive illness, experiences associated with famine in the Volga region. His life was tragically cut short on June 15, 1922.

The main themes of M. Sespel's poetry are the victory of the revolution and the revival of the Chuvash people, a call to fight enemies and actively participate in building a new life.

His most famous poems are “The Future”, “The Arable Land of the New Day”, “Steel Faith”, “The Day Is Fading”, “The Bridge”, “Far in the Field”; “Chuvash language”, “Truly risen”, “To the Chuvash son”, “Life and death”, “Chuvashka”, “Past time”, “The sea”.

The work of M. Sespel contributed to the growth of national self-awareness, rapprochement with the great Russian people and their culture.

M. Sespel’s great service to Chuvash literature is that he established syllabic-tonic versification in it. The theoretical foundations of Chuvash botany were developed by him in the article “Posification and stress rules.”

M. Sespel is also known as a translator of most of the poems “Kobzar” by T. Shevchenko, the poem “Mtsyri” by M. Lermontov, the stories “Hadji Murat” and “Cossacks” by L. Tolstoy. Sketches of his play “The Chuvash Student” and a novel about the life of the Chuvash people have been preserved.

The name of M. Sespel is widely known among the people. Ukrainian writer Yu. Zbanatsky wrote a novel about him “Sespel”, which was published in 1963 in translation into the Chuvash language. The artist and writer P. Chichkanov, in his novel “The Fiery Heart” (1955), talks in detail about the life and work of the poet in the first years of the revolution in Ukraine.

The first separate collection of the poet's poems was published in 1928. Since then they have been published many times in Cheboksary, Kyiv, and Moscow. The poet’s literary heritage is mainly united in the “Collected Works,” published in 1959 in Russian and Chuvash languages, translated by P. Khuzangaya (poetry) and N. Danilov (articles, prose, drama, letters).

Since 1967, it has become a tradition in the republic to award Chuvashia Komsomol Prizes. M. Sespel in the field of literature and art.

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Chuvash poet Mikhail Sespel

In our memory lives a poet with the beautiful name of a primrose, unfurling its petals among the snow and ice. “Sespel” translated from Chuvash means “snowdrop, violet”. Between the dates of his life and death - November 16, 1899 - June 16, 1922 - there are only 22 years. But how much they contained!

Sespel was born and grew up in the village of Shugurovo (Kazakkasy) in the Tsivilsky district of the Kazan province (now the village of Sespel in the Kanashsky district of the Chuvash Republic). He mastered literacy and numeracy under the guidance of his father and was immediately accepted into a second-grade school in the neighboring village of Shikhazani. Mishsha’s worldview was formed under the influence of his grandfather, a muchavur (priest), who was tried back in 1842 for his adherence to ethnoreligion. Until the end of his life, he passed on his knowledge to his grandson.

Since childhood, Mikhail suffered from an incurable disease - bone tuberculosis. His difficult, poverty-stricken childhood is described in the memoirs of Sespel’s younger brother, Gury Kuzmin. But Sespel considered his childhood years to be the brightest period of his life, because later he suffered a lot of torment. When my father was imprisoned for a drunken brawl, he did not give up his studies. As a youth, Mikhail visited the front of the First World War in distant Belarus, in 1916 he returned home and completed his studies at the Shikhazan Teachers' School with excellent knowledge.

It was perhaps only in Yevpatoria that Sespel managed to engage more or less concentratedly in his literary work, except for his work on the translation commission for several weeks. But his translations, unfortunately, have not survived, and the novel also disappeared. A small part of the scattered heritage remains. But what has been published makes Sespel proud. He can rightfully be called a master who closed the gates behind Chuvash poetry of the 19th century and opened them into the 20th century. Segments of the poet’s creative life are chronologically related to his place of residence. These are the Tetyushsky period (1917-1920), Cheboksary (1920-1921), Crimean (1921) and Kiev-Ostersky (1921-1922). Just five years, which absorbed the troubled era of revolutionary times. Having come into the world in a slushy autumn, Sespel left it in a blooming summer. And this, too, is a certain sign of his fate - tragic, broken by circumstances, but beautiful in its own way.

In September 1917, Sespel became a student at the Tetyush Teachers' Seminary. He publishes a wall newspaper and the Zvezda magazine, and is published in Tetyush and Kazan newspapers. It is noteworthy that the poems “Life and Death”, “Volga Song”, “The Past Century”, “The Future”, read by the poet in Kazan to Komsomol members and Red Army soldiers, later sounded in songs as folk songs. Sespel's youthful poems more than once attracted the attention of professional composers, who created songs and oratorios based on them.

The revolutionary storms of the ancient Volga city, which was a place of exile for unreliable people, drew Sespel into the party, into Komsomol work, and soon he became a security officer, an investigator for the county judicial authorities. This period of the poet’s life was called “years of struggle and love” by his close friend and comrade-in-arms Pavel Bekshansky.

Sespel strived for knowledge and enlightenment, opened public libraries in Tetyushi, in the village of Prolei-Kashi and in other settlements. It is unknown how his life would have turned out if God had rewarded him with family happiness with teacher Zinaida Susmet or librarian Anastasia Chervyakova. After all, he was loved. And he loved.

99 letters from Mikhail to Anastasia have been preserved. They are full of sad thoughts. A. Chervyakova is married, although her husband has been ill for a long time and they do not live together. However, Anastasia does not dare to break the marriage vow given on the altar before God. And soon she leaves for Siberia to visit her dying husband Nikolai and, having buried him, returns to her permanent place of residence in Simbirsk...

In 1920, Sespel moved from Tatarstan to Cheboksary. The Chuvash Autonomous Region has just been created, and he is appointed Chairman of the Revolutionary Tribunal.

“While working in an institution, I don’t have the opportunity to undress - I don’t have a shirt, and the one on my body is all rotten. My brother and I sleep on bare boards, eaten by bedbugs. I walk around in torn clothes, but what if this could be the reason for this or that attitude of others towards me? Terrible! - he wrote in his diary (November 10, 1920). - I want to work with renewed energy. I want to live!" (November 11, 1920). “I am entering the 22nd year of my life as a member of the executive committee of my region, chairman of the Revolutionary Tribunal, and a figure in proletarian justice. Careerism and carelessness are not in my nature. I hope I will never sully the title of a communist, but I wish myself, entering the 22nd year, more courage in life” (November 18, 1920).

Who does the poet turn to at such moments? Here are the titles of the poems of this period - “To the Chuvash Son”, “Chuvash Woman”, “Chuvash Language”. And then - “Heavy Thoughts”, “How I Will Die”, “In Memory of the Chuvash Poet Agah”, “Truly Risen!”, “Or! Or! Lima savakhvani!..” and, finally, the last exhalation - “They nailed down my fatherland” - this is the result of living in Cheboksary.

In December 1920, Sespel was arrested following a denunciation. Thanks to the intercession of his senior comrades Daniil Elmen, Alexander Lbov, Sergei Korichev and his faithful friends and peers, he is released from custody, and the poet goes through Nizhny Novgorod to the Crimea, to Evpatoria, for treatment - to the sea, to the sun. To new friends!

How many paintings and poems he wrote in this two month! - term? We don't know. But the paintings and manuscripts sent by his friends and acquaintances from Volchaya Gora, Kiev, Oster, St. Petersburg and other places testify that on other days several masterpieces came out from under his pen and brush! The summer Sespel spent in 1921 for treatment by the sea turned out to be truly fruitful. Fertile nature, peace, conversations with like-minded friends about art, culture and politics contributed to an unprecedented creative upsurge.

Of the poems from the Crimean period, only eight have survived - “The day is fading,” “The heaviness of a bad night,” “Chuvash! Chuvash!”, “Arable land of the New Day”, “To the sea”, “Far in the field there is a yellow heat...”, “Steel faith” and “Forgive me, goodbye”.

Inspired after rest and treatment, Sespel, on the recommendation of the famous Chuvash artist A. Kokel, entered the Kiev Art School on September 1, 1921. But the district military commissariat mobilizes him into the army and sends him to a telephone and telegraph regiment. Only injury and illness take him out of the soldier's ranks... Not finding an answer from his native side and not wanting to return to hateful Cheboksary, the hungry Sespel goes on foot to the Chernigov region, to Ostersky district, to his equally sick but unbending friend Fedor Pakryshny, together with which he was treated by the sea.

This spring did not bring him joy - all three months there was grueling work in the Oster district land department and in the committee for helping the famine-stricken of the Volga region. Of course, the poet knew that better times were far away, and fate was merciless towards him. Friends and associates hardly suspected the depth of Sespel’s mental and physical torment. He trusted his suffering only to paper (and Sespel kept his diary carefully). Unfortunately, the notebooks that reached Cheboksary disappeared without a trace.

During this difficult time for the poet, Pavel Bekshansky was in Ukraine, not far from Sespel. They exchanged letters. But Sespel did not ask for help, and Bekshansky did not think about anything bad. Before his last walk in the familiar quiet garden, Sespel looked in on his fellow Rubies. But Natalia Nikolaevna was not at home. Faithful friends Fyodor Pakryshen and Kirill Turgan also could not avert the impending disaster.

Sespel died on June 16, 1922. Fedor Pakryshen, according to ancient Bulgarian custom, placed an oak pillar (yuba) on the grave. The Transnistrian hill became the mausoleum of the Chuvash son. To this day, she is called Sespeleva, although on November 5, 1954, the poet’s remains were reburied in the center of the city of Oster, near the Palace of Culture.

The words of F.N. Pakryshny (“The only grave of the Great Poet was like...”) on the obelisk were recently supplemented with poems by Sespel himself:

Forever purified by the flame of freedom,

A new day is shining over my country.

Deaf darkness disappeared, adversity swept by,

Finally you are free, our language is native!

The indomitable, frantic Sespel found peace in a distant but brotherly land.

You, my friends, come

To my embankment,

Sing songs to me,

Songs of new days!

The first collection of the poet “Poems” in the Chuvash language was published in 1928 (editor N.T. Vasyanka) with a portrait of F. Pakryshnya, who sent materials about the poet - there was no photograph of Sespel either in the Union of Chuvash Writers or in the book publishing house.

Few works by M.K. Sespel have been published in Russian. In 1949, the book “Steel Faith” was published in translations by P. Khuzangay, N. Evstafiev, V. Alatyrtsev, A. Oyslender. This collection, with minor amendments, was republished in Moscow (1957). Under the same name, in 1979, a new book of poems, translated by P. Panchenko, appeared in Cheboksary. Successful translations of Chuvash poets A. Dmitriev, A. Smolin, A. Prokopiev, Russian translators E. Levontin, V. Sikorsky and others were published in newspapers and magazines. The bibliographic index “Mikhail Sespel” (in 2 -x parts - for 1989 and 2000), prepared by the Chuvash National Library.

The poet's creative heritage is small: about 60 poems and sketches, excerpts from the novel “The Fugitive,” part of the drama “Ubik,” notes from a diary and more than a hundred letters. An inquisitive mind allowed Sespel to say his word as a reformer in the dispute about Chuvash versification and stress rules. Before him, almost all teachers, and then prominent poets N.V. Shubossinni and G.I. Keli, argued about tonic and syllabic tonic. After many years of the development of folk poetry, are any innovations in traditional versification possible? “The three-beat seven-syllable is the basis of our rhythm,” said supporters of the poems “Arzyuri” by M. Fedorov and “Narspi” by K. Ivanov. Sespel persistently asserted the syllabic tonic as a natural characteristic of the Chuvash language and flawlessly set out the rules of stress, which previously hovered between the “French” stress that existed among the lower Chuvash (on the last syllable of any word) and the different positional stress used by the Viryals (upper Chuvash).

Sespel's poetic gift manifested itself not only in lyrical poems. While in high positions, Sespel wrote programmatic poems “The Chuvash Language”, “To the Chuvash Son”, “Chuvash”.

The works of the Crimean period are distinguished by their light, shimmering colors: “The Arable Land of the New Day”, “Far in the Field the Yellow Heat”, “To the Sea”. The poet turns to the rebellious, rebellious force of nature. His lyrical hero is an active creator, an ardent participant in events, to match the poet himself.

“To the Sea” is a monologue-address to the Universe, a deep reverence for the power of Renewal and Purification. In the last, seventh, address it is no coincidence that the word is to the New World, the New Day.

The acquaintance with the Chuvash artist A.A. Kokel and his improved health lifted the young man’s spirits, and with firm conviction he minted the poem “Steel Faith.” But the news of the famine in the Volga region and the disgrace seen in the army warehouses soon stirred up the soul, and the bitter lines of “The Hungry Psalm”, “The Last Slice” and the poem “Cast the Bridge” came.

Observing the downtroddenness and drowsiness of his fellow tribesmen, the concerned poet called for an end to humiliation, filth and submission. Sespel called for the triumph of civil and social justice. A million hearts are beating in it. "I'm not alone. I myself am a million, million Chuvash singer. My verse has been repeated a million times!” (“Far away in the field there is a yellow heat...”)

Sesepel - poet and artist, warrior and statesman, revolutionary tribune. A bright, incorruptible personality. There were years when he was called a nationalist and many did not dare to stand up either for him or for his manuscripts. But his talent was far ahead of his time.

Image of M.K. Sespel is depicted in the novel “Sespel” by the Ukrainian writer, Hero of the Soviet Union Yuri Zbanatsky, in the dilogy by Pyotr Chichkanov “Fiery Heart”, a feature film shot at the studio named after. A. Dovzhenko and in many other works of our literature and painting. The memoirs of G.K. Kuzmin, P.I. Bekshansky, N.N. Rubis and others have been published. In Chuvashia, the annual Sespel Prize has been awarded since 1967, and there is a poet’s fund. Seven streets in the cities and regions of Chuvashia, an agricultural cooperative in the Kanashsky district, and a cinema and secondary school No. 1 in Oster are named after him. The 100th anniversary of the poet's birth was widely celebrated. The anniversary celebrations took place not only in Chuvashia, but also in Kiev, Chernigov, Oster, Dnepropetrovsk and Krivoy Rog. In Sespel’s homeland, in his village (it was also named after the poet), a museum complex was opened, and a monument was erected near the school where he studied. “Here,” said the President of the Chuvash Republic N. Fedorov, “residents of the republic, and its guests, both old and young, will always be directed in order to draw for their souls from this spring not only literary knowledge, but also general culture, citizenship, human courage."

The works of M.K. Sespel have been published in large editions in Chuvash, Russian, Ukrainian and other languages. The book of one poem “The Arable Land of a New Day” (1969, 1999) is heard in more than 55 languages of the world.

Sespel is back in action.

Mikhail Sespel - Mikhail Sespel is a classic and the founder of new Chuvash poetry, a statesman and public figure during the period of world upheavals at the beginning of the twentieth century. beginning of the twentieth century. The poet had only 22 years to live.

He devoted his entire short life to the Chuvash people, believed in the bright future of the Chuvash people. The highest manifestation of M. Sespel’s care is his selfless struggle to save the peoples of the Volga region, including the Chuvash, from the terrible famine of the 20s. He devoted his entire short life to the Chuvash people, believed in the bright future of the Chuvash people. The highest manifestation of M. Sespel’s care is his selfless struggle to save the peoples of the Volga region, including the Chuvash, from the terrible famine of the 20s.

Despite Despite being busy with state affairs, M. Sespel with affairs, M. Sespel found time for and found time for poetry. He is poetry. He is a reformer of the Chuvash Chuvash versification. In poetry. In the article Prosody and Stress Rules, published in the Kanash newspaper on November 17, 1920, he introduced the syllabic tonic into the Chuvash literary language as a natural characteristic of the Chuvash language and thereby indicated ways for further development and improvement of the national speech culture. In the article Prosody and Stress Rules, published in the Kanash newspaper on November 17, 1920, he introduced the syllabic tonic into the Chuvash literary language as a natural characteristic of the Chuvash language and thereby indicated ways for further development and improvement of the national speech culture.

The poet's first collection, entitled Poems in the Chuvash language, was published in 1928. The poet's creative heritage is small: about 60 poems and sketches, excerpts from the novel The Fugitive, part of the drama Ubik, notes from his diary and more than a hundred letters. Full of optimism, aimed at the future of the native people are the poems Chuvash language, To the Chuvash son, Chuvashka, Arable land of the New Day, Steel faith, To the sea. The poet's first collection, entitled Poems in the Chuvash language, was published in 1928. The poet's creative heritage is small: about 60 poems and sketches, excerpts from the novel The Fugitive, part of the drama Ubik, notes from his diary and more than a hundred letters. Full of optimism, aimed at the future of the native people are the poems Chuvash language, To the Chuvash son, Chuvashka, Arable land of the New Day, Steel faith, To the sea.

Mikhail Sespel is a man in whom beliefs, ideals, words, deeds and creativity acted in inextricable unity. He was the personification of a new man and a new poet. Mikhail Sespel is a man in whom beliefs, ideals, words, deeds and creativity acted in inextricable unity. He was the personification of a new man and a new poet.

During his short life, he created works that were included in the golden fund of Chuvash literature. The name of Mikhail Sespel is known not only in his homeland; his poems are read in 55 languages of the world. Sespel's poetics are unique. During his short life, he created works that were included in the golden fund of Chuvash literature. The name of Mikhail Sespel is known not only in his homeland; his poems are read in 55 languages of the world. Sespel's poetics are unique.

It is no coincidence that the poet chose his pseudonym - Sespel, which translated means snowdrop. The poet recognized himself as such a Harbinger of the Spring of Humanity at the beginning of his creative career. It is no coincidence that the poet chose his pseudonym - Sespel, which translated means snowdrop. The poet recognized himself as such a Harbinger of the Spring of Humanity at the beginning of his creative career.

Life's collisions left a unique imprint on the pathos of his artistic works. While experiencing and suffering, Sespel did not become embittered at the world around him. He remained the Snowdrop who withstood the Storm - the most difficult trials that befell young Sespel. Life's collisions left a unique imprint on the pathos of his artistic works. While experiencing and suffering, Sespel did not become embittered at the world around him. He remained the Snowdrop who withstood the Storm - the most difficult trials that befell young Sespel.

yy - studied at the Shugurov parish school yy - studied at the Shugurovsky parish school yy - studied at a second-grade school in the village of Shikhazany, where teachers were trained yy - studied at a second-grade school in the village of Shikhazany, where teachers were trained In 1917, he became a student at the Tetyush Teachers' Seminary In 1917 year became a student at the Tetyush Teachers' Seminary

Despite his youth, he held the most responsible government positions: In the 1990s - an investigator of the Tetyushsky Judicial Investigation Commission, chairman of the Revolutionary Tribunal and head of the department of justice of the Chuvash Autonomous Region. In the 1990s, he was an investigator at the Tetyushsky Judicial Investigation Commission, chairman of the Revolutionary Tribunal and head of the justice department of the Chuvash Autonomous Region. In 1922, he worked in the Oster district land department of the Chernigov region and in the Volga region famine relief committee. In 1922, he worked in the Oster district land department of the Chernigov region and in the Volga region famine relief committee.

In the spring of 1921, he was treated in a hospital in Nizhny Novgorod, from there he went for sanatorium treatment to the Crimea. In the spring of 1921, he was treated in a hospital in Nizhny Novgorod, from there he went for sanatorium treatment in the Crimea. Sespel spent the last days of his life in the Chernigov region. His life was cut short on June 15, 1922 in the village. Starogorodka near Oster. Sespel spent the last days of his life in the Chernihiv region. His life was cut short on June 15, 1922 in the village. Starogorodka near Oster. The name of M. Sespel lives in the hearts of the Chuvash people. The name of M. Sespel lives in the hearts of the Chuvash people.

16.11.1899–15.06.1922

Classic of Chuvash literature, reformer of versification, artist, poet, playwright, prose writer, translator.

Born in the village of Shugurovo (now the village of Sespel), Kanashsky district of the Chuvash Republic.

Bibliography (works):

1. Sespel, Mikhail. Payantan: [sӑvӑsem] / Mikhail Sespel. - Shupashkar, 2006. - 143 p.
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2. Ҫҫпӗл Mishshi. Sӑvӑsem / Ҫеҫпӗл Mishshi. - Shupashkar: Chӑvashgosizdat, 1940. - 72 p.
See region
3. Ҫҫпӗл, Mishshi. Ҫӗнӗ kun aki / M. Ҫеҫпӗл. - Shupashkar, 1969. - 72 p.
See region
4. Seҫpӗl, M. Ҫyrnisen pukhi = Collected works: poetry, prose, playwrights, ҫyrusem. Kunseren ҫyrnisem, asӑrhattarusem: ikkӗmӗsh, khushsa torletnӗ kӑlarӑm / Mishshi Seҫpӗl. - Shupashkar, 1989. - 525 p.
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5. Ҫҫпӗл, Mishshi. Chăn chӗrӗlsen: sӑvӑsem, asailӳsem / Ҫеҫпӗл Mishshi. - Shupashkar, 1994. - 111 p.
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6. Ҫҫпӗл, Mishshi. Chunӑmҫӑm, ҫunatӑmҫӑm: (A.P. Chervyakova patne yanӑ ҫyrusem) / Ҫеҫпӗл Mishshi. - Shupashkar, 1989. - 112 p.
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7. Sespel, Mikhail. Hungry Psalm: Poems, excerpts from diaries and letters / M. Sespel. - Cheboksary: Russika - Face of Chuvashia, 1999. - 38 p.
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8. Sespel, Mikhail Kuzmich. Arable land of the new day = Ҫӗнӗ kun aki [Text]: Poem [in Russian translations. and zarub. poets] / M.K. Sespel. - Cheboksary, 1999. - 60 p.
See region
9. Sespel, M. K. Collected works / Mikhail Sespel. - 3rd ed., add. - Cheboksary, 1999. - 384 p.
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10. Sespel, Mikhail Kuzmich. Steel faith: poems / M. K. Sespel. - Cheboksary: Chuvash Book Publishing House, 1979. - 56 p.
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11. Sespel, M. K. Or! Or! Lima Samahvani; Only evening comes and sleep is shrouded; Chuvash! Chuvash! ; The arable land of a new day; In the distance, in the fields, it’s like burning; To the sea: [poems] // Sespel, M. Milyon my verse repeated = Ep pin chӑvash: poems, fragments of diary and letters / M. Sespel. - Cheboksary: Chuvash Book Publishing House, 2012. - P. 101, 102, 106, 107, 108, 109-110.
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