The concept of a working student has long become commonplace and commonplace. First of all, this concerns young people, who are more interested in earning income, along with getting an education, than girls. But girls are not far behind guys when they get jobs where hourly schedules with hourly wages predominate. It is easiest for evening or part-time students to get a job, but as practice shows, full-time students also manage to combine classes, seminars and sessions with part-time work in their free time. Naturally, this happens mainly in the evening and at night, but when money earned by their own labor is at stake, students go for this combination option. The question immediately arises that without various relaxations and benefits, such a rhythm (combining work with training) will be very difficult. Therefore, for working students, benefits are legally established in the Russian Federation to help them stay on track. A complete list of benefits for students in Russia can be found.
If we pay attention to the data from sociological surveys, we will see that the percentage of working students out of the total number tends to 50%. This means that every second guy or girl combines mastering a future profession with earning money. Moreover, of these 50%, only a small part works in the profession in which they are studying at the university, while the majority of students prefer hourly part-time jobs in order to have pocket money, which is always in short supply, and not every student has the opportunity to receive a scholarship.
Of course, a more useful type of work for the student himself, first of all, is work in the specialty that he will master upon graduation from university or institute. After all, within the walls of an educational institution you can only obtain theoretical knowledge. And the simultaneous application of theory in practice (at the place of work/part-time work) in the future will turn the still student into a highly qualified specialist. Any profession requires the acquisition of practical skills. And here there is a huge advantage from combining work with study. For an ordinary student who devotes all his time to studying and does not find time to work, after graduating from university, it is very difficult not to get lost in the huge flow of information that will fall on his head every day when he goes to work. After all, no matter what profession a student acquires, in addition to theory and practice, it is also necessary to be able to establish working contacts with his colleagues. Perhaps, through team efforts, achieve the goals set by management. Therefore, a student working in his future profession is much more prepared for adult life, which will begin after defending his diploma project. And by the way, defending your thesis project, supported by the acquired practical knowledge, will be much easier.
Therefore, summarizing all of the above, we can say that if you are a student and decide to get a job, then it is best to look for it based on the specialty you receive at the university. This will make it easier to defend your thesis project and, after graduation, will give you much more prospects than for a student who is not working, or who works part-time wherever necessary.
But this issue also has a flip side, which concerns the employer taking on a certain risk when hiring a student. Firstly, the matter concerns a banal distrust of young people, whom any employer is skeptical about. Secondly, a working student is entitled to a number of benefits that will be to the detriment of production, that is, the employer. After all, even if the conditions for providing benefits to a student are unfavorable for the employer, he must strictly comply with the “letter of the law.”
List of benefits for working students
State guarantees, benefits and compensation apply only to those working students who are receiving their first higher education. They are described in more detail in the Labor Code of the Russian Federation (Articles 173, 177). We will try to briefly and succinctly describe what benefits students are entitled to at work under current labor legislation.
Providing a working student with additional leave, with salary protection: If a student successfully combines work and study (meaning a statement with grades), while studying at a university that has state accreditation, then he has the right to be granted additional leave in the following cases:
- When passing the intermediate certification, the student is entitled to a leave of 40 calendar days with salary retention in the Ι and ΙΙ courses, in addition, when mastering the main educational programs in a shortened time in the ΙΙ course, the additional leave may be not 40, but 50 days. For each subsequent course of study, the amount of leave does not change and is 50 calendar days;
- In order for a student to pass the final state certification, he must be given a leave of absence in the amount of 4 months, in accordance with the educational plan of the university.
It should also be noted that according to the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, regular annual leave can be added to additional leave or vice versa;
Leave for a working student without pay: The employer must provide the student with leave regardless of the production situation, but without maintaining wages in the following cases:
- for passing entrance exams to a university – 15 days;
- workers undergoing training in preparatory courses at the university where they plan to enroll, to pass certification based on the results of the course taken - 15 days;
- if a student is studying at a university that has state accreditation, and is a full-time student, then the employer is obliged to give unpaid leave of 15 days to pass the exam; 4 months – to prepare and defend a diploma project; 1 month – for passing state exams;
Travel compensation: If a working student successfully completes training at a state university, then, according to Article 173, Part 3 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, the employer must pay for the student’s travel to and from the educational institution once a year;
Reducing working hours: For a period of up to 10 months, before the date of passing the state final certification (applies only to students studying at universities that have state certification), the worker has the right to demand from the employer a reduction in the duration of the work shift. The reduction is made either every day for a certain time, or an additional day off is provided during the working week. Moreover, this time of “release” from work is paid at 50% of the amount.
Students who receive a salary subject to income tax (NDFL) and pay for their studies can contact the tax authorities to receive a tax deduction for their studies (the maximum deduction amount that can be returned is 15,600 rubles per year).
All of the above guarantees also apply to persons who receive education at the direction of the employer. This referral is issued to the employee by mutual agreement of the parties, in accordance with the employment contract in force between them.
If an employee simultaneously receives two higher educations, then all guarantees apply to only one of them.
When an employee receives a second higher education, but not in the direction of the employer, as well as when studying at a university that does not have state accreditation, the above benefits can be provided to the employee if this measure is provided for in the collective agreement of the enterprise, or in an additional agreement between the employee and the employer .
Although we have described in detailthe process of obtaining a work permit for a foreign student in Russia, this topic gives rise to various questions and misconceptions. In this article we will look at the most popular of them.
Let us recall the two main conditions for working in Russia:
1. The foreigner must be an adult.
2. A foreigner must have a document allowing him to carry out work activities.
Note:
Foreign students do not need to obtain any permits if they work at their educational institution outside of classes (including during the holidays).
Let's move on to the questions.
1. What must a student complete in order to be able to work? Patent or Work Permit?
Students of universities with state accreditation who study full-time draw up Work permit(RNR). Correspondence students and students of non-accredited universities must apply for a patent.
2. I heard that PHP was cancelled.
The work permit for migrant workers entering visa-free has indeed been cancelled. Now they must even if they plan to work from legal entities. But for workers who come to Russia on a visa, for highly qualified specialists and students it remains in force.
3. My university is located in Tver. Can I get a PNR in Moscow?
No. Do not forget that a student can only work in the profession specified in the permit, and only in the region (city) where his university is located. Therefore, a student at a Tver university will not be able to obtain a PNR in Moscow.
4. What is the validity period for the student PNR?
A student's work permit is issued for 1 year, and then it can be extended for the duration of the employment contract, but not longer than the period of study at the university. Please note: if a student graduates, drops out, or takes a leave of absence, the permit will be revoked.
5. List of documents for registration of PNR for a student?
2. Passport.
3. Migration card.
4. Receipt for payment of state duty
5. Employment contract.
6. Certificates of absence of HIV infection, infectious diseases, drug addiction.
7. Certificate from the university about studying in the main full-time program.
6. What does a certificate from a university look like?
7. Where can I get an employment contract?
To obtain permission, the student must have either project employment contract ( not signed by the parties), or a signed employment contract indicating that it comes into force after receiving foreigner work permit.
It should be taken into account that the employer does not have the right to attract (allow) a foreign student to work until he receives a work permit. (Clause 4 of Article 13 of Law No. 115-FZ).
8. The employer is talking about some quotas for PHP...
A work permit for a foreign student is issued without taking into account quotas for the issuance of such permits (clause 9 of Article 13.4 of Law No. 115-FZ)
9. Should my employer notify the FMS about the conclusion of the contract? I'm a student.
You are a foreign citizen, so the employer must notify
Employment of a full-time student is carried out on a general basis, guided by Chapters 10 and 11 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation.
Registration of labor relations with a full-time university student begins with drawing up an employment contract. This agreement can be concluded either indefinitely or for any period of no more than five years. In accordance with Article 59 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, by agreement of the parties, a fixed-term employment contract can be concluded with persons receiving full-time education.
Full-time university students are not subject to the prohibition on establishing a probationary period, as is the case for university graduates who graduated less than 1 year ago and who are applying for a job in their specialty for the first time. Therefore, you can safely include a probationary period clause in your employment contract.
Considering that it will be difficult for an employee to combine study and work, when choosing a mode, give preference to part-time work or a free (flexible) work schedule.
If your student is under 18 years of age. “The length of working time of students of educational organizations carrying out educational activities, under the age of eighteen, working during the academic year in their free time from receiving education, cannot exceed half of the norms established by part one of this article for persons of the corresponding age.” (Article 92 Labor Code of the Russian Federation)
The working hours and rest time for a full-time student, if they do not coincide with the general rules adopted in your organization, are necessarily reflected in the employment contract.
The hiring of a student by an educational institution is formalized by an order, the content of which must correspond to the text of the employment contract.
The issued order should be familiarized to the employee against signature within three days from the moment he began to perform his duties at the workplace. You can give the employee a copy of this order, certified accordingly.
For a student at an educational institution for whom this is the first place of work, the personnel service must issue a work book (Part 4 of Article 65 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation). Registration is carried out within five days from the day the student employee is hired.
The employer issues an insurance certificate of compulsory pension insurance for the employee, if he does not have one, but at present, this certificate is often issued before the child enters school/kindergarten...
If a full-time working student receives his education at a state-accredited university for the first time, then guarantees are provided for him to provide the necessary leave without pay for his studies (Article 173 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation):
when passing intermediate certification 15 calendar days in the academic year,
when preparing and defending a final qualifying thesis, as well as passing final state exams 4 months,
when passing final state exams 1 month.
If a working student is studying at a university without state accreditation, then such guarantees can be stipulated in the student’s employment contract, if they are not stipulated in the collective agreement of your organization.
There are no prohibitions or restrictions in labor legislation on university students combining work with full-time study. Therefore, any enterprise has the right to hire such employees, including full-time ones.
Hiring a full-time student should be carried out on a general basis, guided by Chapters 10 and 11 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation.
Many students go to work in their specialty during their studies in companies of their choice, not only in order to earn themselves additional money, but also with the prospect that they will be able to remain in this company after graduation. At the same time, they will already have some experience working in this company, and they will be able to get a promotion faster.
Registration of labor relations with a full-time university student, as with any other employee, must begin with the preparation of an employment contract. This agreement can be concluded either indefinitely or for any period of no more than five years.
You should also take into account the fact that while it is prohibited to establish a probationary period for university graduates who graduated less than 1 year ago and who are applying for a job in their specialty for the first time, this prohibition does not apply to full-time university students. Consequently, by agreement of the parties, full-time students may be given a probationary period on a general basis.
Operating mode
Since it is quite difficult to combine study and work, full-time students are generally suited to working part-time or with a free (flexible) work schedule.
The minimum duration of both the working day and the working week is not established by law. In this regard, the parties to the employment contract have the opportunity to agree on a suitable work schedule for the student employee at their discretion. For example, you can set for him both a shortened work week and part-time work or a shift at the same time. In this case, the student employee’s salary will be calculated in proportion to the time worked or its calculation will depend on the amount of work performed by him (Article 93 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation).
Also, this category of workers can be set up for flexible working hours. This mode of work is characterized by the fact that the beginning of the working day, its end or the total duration is set individually for each employee. In this case, the employee will need to work the appropriate number of working hours in certain accounting periods (day, week, month, etc.) (Article 102 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation).
Basically, working hours as well as rest time for full-time working students are negotiated by agreement of the parties for each employee individually. And if it does not coincide with the general rules adopted by a given employer, then this must be stipulated in the employment contract (Article 57 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation).
If a student, under the terms of an employment contract, is established on a part-time working schedule, then this fact does not affect either the duration of his annual basic paid leave or the accounting of his work experience and does not entail any other restrictions on his labor rights (Part 3 of Article 93 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation ).
Reception order
Hiring a full-time student must also be formalized by order (Form No. T-1). Its content must fully comply with the employment contract signed with this employee.
The issued order should be familiarized to the student employee against signature within three days from the moment he began to perform his duties at the workplace. At the request of this employee, the personnel service must issue him a copy of this order, certified accordingly.
Registration of a work book
For a full-time student whose first place of work is this, the personnel service of the enterprise must issue a work book (Part 4 of Article 65 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation). Registration must be completed within five days from the day the student employee was hired.
Guarantees and compensation
If a full-time working student receives his education at a state-accredited university for the first time, then guarantees are provided for him to provide the necessary leave without pay for his studies (Article 173 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation):
- when passing intermediate certification -) 15 calendar days in the academic year,
- when preparing and defending a final qualifying thesis, as well as passing final state exams -) 4 months,
- when passing final state exams -) 1 month.
If a working student studies at a university without state accreditation, then such guarantees can be stipulated in the student’s employment contract or in the collective agreement of the company where he works.
Rjob has two news for students. One of them can hardly be called good - the other day, Deputy Prime Minister of the Russian Government Olga Golodets denied rumors about the imminent increase in scholarships for university students. According to the official, in 2015-2016 the state will not increase them to the average subsistence level - 10,017 rubles. Economic conditions do not allow. Yes, it’s sad, but there is second news - organizations in Moscow, St. Petersburg and other cities of the country have become more willing to use student labor, and universities are trying to organize classes taking into account their employment.
In Russia, scholarships are the subject of eternal jokes. It is low even for excellent students, who receive about 7 thousand rubles a month. The average amount is even less - 1,700 rubles. A student, especially a nonresident student, will not last even a week on them. But what if young people only pay 2000-5000 rubles a month for a hostel?
It’s a shame to strain moms and dads; dreaming about treasures and random freebies is stupid and undignified. It's time to work. In the first year it is unrealistic to find time for this - there are no free “windows” in the schedule, but in the second or third year - please. As a rule, dean's offices divide students into groups: some study in the first half of the day, others in the afternoon. Few institutes and universities work on Saturdays, which means that boys and girls have two full days for personal purposes. Moreover, there are additional days off on even or odd weeks. In October-November, you can draw up your schedule and, focusing on it, start looking for vacancies.
For the first time
What a student will need for employment:
SNILS- individual pension insurance card number. It is received from the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation at your place of residence.
TIN- taxpayer identification number. It is issued by the tax office of your city.
Bank card We don’t count it - it has already been formalized at the university.
Health certificate or medical certificate- if suddenly you are going to work in a cafe or restaurant, with groceries or with children.
However, as practice shows, students are hired for their first job without the above documents.
Now we’re studying the list where “all kinds are important, all kinds are needed”...
Courier
Earnings from 1000 to 2000 rubles per day or 20,000 - 28,000 rubles per month
Many people think that this is boredom and vanity, running for pennies. However, in recent years, the work of foot couriers has changed greatly. In some ways it became similar to a quest. Moscow services, for example, Dostavista or Bringo, have made the work process as attractive as possible for students. They make their own schedule, choose the number of orders and addresses for delivery, and receive it at the end of the shift.
“My first trip was like a game. I registered on the website, downloaded a special application to my smartphone, and the company sent me the coordinates of its office. The speed with which I could reach them was taken into account,” says courier and second-year student Evgeniy Lishchenko. - There they instructed me, gave me the starting task, and paid me in the evening. Running around doesn’t tire me out at all, because orders are selected taking into account my address - I cut circles not far from my own home. Comfortable. I spent a day and 1500-1700 rubles fell onto the card. I want to work, I want to rest. And no one stands over your soul, you don’t have to go to the office in the morning.”
By the way, in Moscow and St. Petersburg, delivery agencies often pay couriers for travel on public transport and for office telephones.
Shop assistant
Earnings - from 15,000 rubles per month and above
Large retail chains and companies such as Zara, Gap, Marks&Spencer, Adidas and others have no problem hiring students. The easiest way is to get a job as a sales consultant.
“I didn’t call anyone, I didn’t make an appointment for an interview with personnel officers, although I could have contacted the main office directly,” recalls third-year student Sergei Artyukhov.- I came to the store, took a form from the girls at the checkout, filled it out, indicated that I was ready to work four days a week. Sometimes job applicants are asked to take a written test. It's easy - not rocket science. I handed all the papers to the manager. A couple of days later they called me back and invited me for an interview. Another day later, they sent me to work in a shopping center. I receive about 18,000 rubles a month. It’s not enough for rented housing, but for a student from a dorm it’s normal.”
Dispatcher on the phone
Earnings - 15,000 - 20,000 rubles per month
“I’m studying to become a sociologist and work part-time in a medical office. At first, when my classmates pestered me with questions: “Where? How?”, I was embarrassed to answer due to the specifics of the company. Imagine, I spend hours talking on the phone about prostate massage, its benefits and prices, - laughs student Ekaterina Kutepova.- It’s good that you don’t have to call people with annoying advertisements. After about the third or fourth payday, I completely forgot about the complexes. The main thing is that I have a stable income equal to ten of my scholarships, and I’m not sitting on my mother’s neck at the age of 19.”
Ticket inspector at a theater or cinema
Earnings - 18,000 - 24,000 rubles per month
They also have a rotating schedule. Usually 2/2. In theaters, students work from 17:00 to 21:30 on weekdays, and on weekends - from morning to evening. In cinemas, the working day ends late at night, but employees are transported home by company transport.
Bonuses include free viewing of films and performances. By the way, in some Moscow theaters students of theater universities - future artists - work as controllers.
Tutor
Earnings - from 500 to 2000 rubles per hour
If in the recent past a student passed the Unified State Exam perfectly and studies at a university with straight A's, he can easily convert knowledge into money - work.
“I found clients at my former school. I study physics and mathematics with two ninth-graders,” explains Baumanka student Nikolai Shepilov.- I’m preparing them for the State Examination. Old books and notebooks came in handy. I bought new manuals and talked with teachers so that there were no discrepancies with the programs. I charge 700 rubles per hour. I teach lessons on free days, in breaks between seminars and lectures. The boys' parents say that progress is noticeable, but I'm not rushing to conclusions - we'll look at the certification results. I'm interested in them too."
Active people have 25 hours in a day
You can continue the list of vacancies yourself. There will be a place for waiters, interviewers, department laboratory assistants, copywriters, loaders... There are plenty of options for internships and subsequent employment. Anyone who wants to work will definitely find something to their liking.
Nowadays, employers do not pay attention to the work experience and age of candidates; for them, their quality, motivation, and ability to learn quickly are more important. And you can’t take that away from students.
The sooner students get used to the idea that active people have 25 or more hours in a day, the easier it will be for them in the future.
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